Trade Class - Skyocean Ontology

Description

A skyocean:Trade represents a transaction between parties for the exchange of agricultural commodities. The trade class captures all essential information about the transaction, including involved parties, commodity details, pricing, logistics arrangements, documentation, and payment terms. This forms the core building block for all commodity trading activities in the Skyocean ecosystem.

Subclasses

skyocean:Purchase - Trade from a buyer's perspective
skyocean:Sale - Trade from a seller's perspective
skyocean:InboundShipment - Trade focusing on incoming logistics
skyocean:OutboundShipment - Trade focusing on outgoing logistics

Properties

Property	Type	Description	Cardinality
`schema:identifier`	xsd:string	Unique identifier for the trade (typically a purchase order number)	1..1
`schema:name`	xsd:string	Human-readable name for the trade	0..1
`schema:description`	xsd:string	Brief description of the trade	0..1
`skyocean:buyer`	skyocean:TradeParty	The party purchasing the commodity	1..1
`skyocean:seller`	skyocean:TradeParty	The party selling the commodity	1..1
`skyocean:commodity`	skyocean:Commodity	The commodity being traded	1..1
`skyocean:tradeDate`	xsd:date	Date when the trade agreement was established	1..1
`skyocean:tradingTerm`	URI	Trading term (e.g., Incoterm) used for the trade	1..1
`skyocean:quantity`	schema:QuantitativeValue	Total quantity of commodity in the trade	1..1
`skyocean:quantityUnit`	URI	Unit of measurement for quantity	1..1
`skyocean:originLocation`	schema:Place	Origin location of the commodity	1..1
`skyocean:destinationLocation`	schema:Place	Destination location for the commodity	1..1
`skyocean:deliveryPeriod`	Object	Period during which delivery should take place	1..1
`skyocean:logisticsProvider`	skyocean:TradeParty	Party responsible for logistics	0..1
`skyocean:inspectionAgency`	skyocean:TradeParty	Agency responsible for quality inspection	0..1
`skyocean:documents`	Array of skyocean:Document	Documents associated with the trade	0..*
`skyocean:status`	URI	Current status of the trade	1..1

Private Properties

In DKG v8, the following properties are typically stored in the private section of the Knowledge Asset:

Property	Type	Description	Cardinality
`skyocean:referenceId`	URI	Reference to the public section URI	1..1
`skyocean:unitPrice`	schema:MonetaryAmount	Price per unit of the commodity	1..1
`skyocean:totalPrice`	schema:MonetaryAmount	Total price of the trade	1..1
`skyocean:paymentTerms`	Object	Payment terms agreed for the trade	1..1
`skyocean:financialInstitution`	skyocean:TradeParty	Bank or financial institution handling payment	0..1
`skyocean:contractTerms`	Object	Detailed legal terms of the trade contract	0..1
`skyocean:insuranceDetails`	Object	Insurance information for the commodity	0..1
`skyocean:paymentHistory`	Array of Objects	Record of payments made against the trade	0..*
`skyocean:tradeNotes`	Array of Objects	Private notes and comments about the trade	0..*

Example Usage

This example shows a basic Trade Knowledge Asset with public and private sections:

Public Section

{
  "@context": {
    "schema": "http://schema.org/",
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
    "skyocean": "https://skyocean.io/ontology/",
    "incoterms": "https://skyocean.io/ontology/terms/incoterms/",
    "unit": "https://skyocean.io/ontology/terms/units/",
    "status": "https://skyocean.io/ontology/terms/status/"
  },
  "@id": "urn:skyocean:trade:PO-12345678",
  "@type": "skyocean:Trade",
  "schema:identifier": "PO-12345678",
  "schema:name": "Soybean Shipment June 2023",
  "schema:description": "Purchase of organic soybeans from Argentina to USA",
  "skyocean:buyer": {
    "@id": "urn:skyocean:tradeparty:BT-5678"
  },
  "skyocean:seller": {
    "@id": "urn:skyocean:tradeparty:ST-1234"
  },
  "skyocean:commodity": {
    "@id": "urn:skyocean:commodity:SOY-ORG-AR-2023"
  },
  "skyocean:tradeDate": "2023-05-15",
  "skyocean:tradingTerm": {
    "@id": "incoterms:CIF"
  },
  "skyocean:quantity": {
    "@type": "schema:QuantitativeValue",
    "schema:value": 5000,
    "schema:unitCode": {
      "@id": "unit:MT"
    }
  },
  "skyocean:quantityUnit": {
    "@id": "unit:MT"
  },
  "skyocean:originLocation": {
    "@type": "schema:Place",
    "schema:name": "Puerto de Rosario",
    "schema:address": {
      "@type": "schema:PostalAddress",
      "schema:addressLocality": "Rosario",
      "schema:addressRegion": "Santa Fe",
      "schema:addressCountry": "Argentina"
    }
  },
  "skyocean:destinationLocation": {
    "@type": "schema:Place",
    "schema:name": "Port of New Orleans",
    "schema:address": {
      "@type": "schema:PostalAddress",
      "schema:addressLocality": "New Orleans",
      "schema:addressRegion": "LA",
      "schema:addressCountry": "USA"
    }
  },
  "skyocean:deliveryPeriod": {
    "skyocean:startDate": "2023-06-01",
    "skyocean:endDate": "2023-06-15"
  },
  "skyocean:logisticsProvider": {
    "@id": "urn:skyocean:tradeparty:LP-9012"
  },
  "skyocean:inspectionAgency": {
    "@id": "urn:skyocean:tradeparty:IA-3456"
  },
  "skyocean:documents": [
    {
      "@id": "urn:skyocean:document:PO-12345678-BL"
    },
    {
      "@id": "urn:skyocean:document:PO-12345678-COO"
    },
    {
      "@id": "urn:skyocean:document:PO-12345678-INVOICE"
    }
  ],
  "skyocean:status": {
    "@id": "status:IN_TRANSIT"
  }
}

Private Section

{
  "@context": {
    "schema": "http://schema.org/",
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
    "skyocean": "https://skyocean.io/ontology/"
  },
  "@id": "urn:skyocean:trade:PO-12345678#private",
  "@type": "skyocean:TradePrivateData",
  "skyocean:referenceId": "urn:skyocean:trade:PO-12345678",
  "skyocean:unitPrice": {
    "@type": "schema:MonetaryAmount",
    "schema:currency": "USD",
    "schema:value": 620.50
  },
  "skyocean:totalPrice": {
    "@type": "schema:MonetaryAmount",
    "schema:currency": "USD",
    "schema:value": 3102500.00
  },
  "skyocean:paymentTerms": {
    "skyocean:paymentMethod": "Letter of Credit",
    "skyocean:paymentDays": 30,
    "skyocean:paymentCondition": "Documents against payment"
  },
  "skyocean:financialInstitution": {
    "@id": "urn:skyocean:tradeparty:FI-7890"
  },
  "skyocean:contractTerms": {
    "skyocean:qualityRequirements": "Organic certification required. Moisture < 14%, Foreign material < 1%, Protein > 36%",
    "skyocean:penalties": "Quality penalty of 1.5% per 1% below quality specifications",
    "skyocean:arbitrationClause": "ICC arbitration in New York, USA"
  },
  "skyocean:insuranceDetails": {
    "skyocean:insuranceProvider": "Global Trade Insurance Co.",
    "skyocean:policyNumber": "GTI-12345-PO-SOY",
    "skyocean:insuredAmount": 3500000.00,
    "skyocean:insuredCurrency": "USD",
    "skyocean:coverageType": "All Risks"
  },
  "skyocean:paymentHistory": [
    {
      "skyocean:paymentDate": "2023-05-16",
      "skyocean:paymentAmount": 775625.00,
      "skyocean:paymentCurrency": "USD",
      "skyocean:paymentType": "Deposit",
      "skyocean:paymentReference": "PMT-12345678-1"
    }
  ],
  "skyocean:tradeNotes": [
    {
      "skyocean:noteDate": "2023-05-17",
      "skyocean:noteAuthor": "John Smith",
      "skyocean:noteText": "Seller has requested accelerated payment schedule due to currency fluctuations. Discussing with finance department."
    },
    {
      "skyocean:noteDate": "2023-05-20",
      "skyocean:noteAuthor": "Sarah Johnson",
      "skyocean:noteText": "Weather issues in origin region might cause slight delay. Monitoring situation."
    }
  ]
}

Trade Status Values

NEGOTIATION - Parties are negotiating terms
CONFIRMED - Trade is confirmed but not yet shipped
PROCESSING - Trade is being prepared for shipping
IN_TRANSIT - Goods are in transit
CUSTOMS_CLEARANCE - Goods are in customs clearance
DELIVERED - Goods have been delivered
COMPLETED - Trade is fully completed including payments
CANCELLED - Trade was cancelled
DISPUTED - Trade is under dispute resolution

DKG Integration

Trades in the Skyocean ecosystem are stored as Knowledge Assets in the DKG network. The public part contains general information about the trade that can be discovered, while sensitive details like pricing and payment terms are stored in the private section.

All trades reference associated parties, commodities and documents through their URIs, creating a connected graph of knowledge that enables comprehensive tracking and verification across the supply chain.

The separation of public and private data allows stakeholders to discover relevant trades while maintaining confidentiality of commercially sensitive information.

skyocean:Trade